【Objective】To explore the characteristics of social cognitive impairment in patients with stable schizophrenia ，and to analyze the influencing factors to provide a clinical coping strategy for improving the social cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia.【Methods】Firstly，both 158 stable schizophrenia patients and 40 healthy controls took the test of MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery （MCCB） and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS）. General demographic information and clinical data of subjects were collected using questionnaire. Then ，the overall cognitive function and social cognitive function between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls were compared to explore the related factors affecting the social cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia.【Results】①Overall MCCB score and Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test（MSCEIT）factor score of schizophrenia patients with stable period were significantly lower than those of healthy control group（P < 0.05）；②The social cognitive function of schizophrenia patients was significantly correlated with gender，age，hostile suspicion，continuous performance and category fluency （P < 0.05）. 【Conclusions】 Compared with the healthy control group ，schizophrenia patients with stable period have impairment of social cognitive function ，and significant impairment of overall cognitive function. The social cognitive function of schizophrenia patients with stable period is significantly affected by gender ，age ，hostility suspicion ，and neurocognitive function（attention and information processing speed）.