【Objective】To explore whether diabetes mellitus（DM）can influence the early bacterial translocation（BT）and progression of acute necrotizing pancreatitis（ANP）for guiding the early clinical treatment.【Methods】35 Wistar male rats were ran? domly allocated to 4 groups，Group ANP associated with DM（DM+ANP，n = 10）：DM underwent induction of ANP；Group DM （n = 10）：DM underwent laparotomy with only manipulation of the pancreas and duodenum；Group ANP（n = 10）：non-DM under? went induction of ANP；Group sham operation（SO，n = 5）：non-DM underwent SO. After 12 h of the induction of ANP or laparoto? my，the following parameters were analyzed：bacterial culture and identification of portal vein blood，mesenteric lymph nodes （MLNs），pancreas and liver，and calculate the total incidence of BT；serum amylase and endotoxin levels of portal vein blood；histo? logical assessment of pancreas and ileum lesions.【Results】All animals except 3 in group DM+ANP（mortality rates：30%）and 1 in group ANP（mortality rates：10%）survived the experiment. The total incidence of BT was 23/28（82.1%）in group DM+ANP where? as 16/36（44.4%）in group ANP（P = 0.002）. Gram-positive bacteria were 17/23（73.9%），3/16（18.8%）in group DM+ANP and group ANP，respectively（P = 0.001）. Amylase activity（2302 ± 346）U/L in group ANP increased significantly（P = 0.000）com? pared with other groups. However，group DM+ANP（501 ± 142）U/L decreased significantly（P = 0.001）in comparison to group SO. Regarding to endotoxin concentrations and the severity of pancreas and ileum lesions，group DM+ANP increased significantly compared with group ANP，group DM and group SO（P < 0.05）.【Conclusion】Gram-positive bacteria translocates more frequently than Gram-negative bacteria in the early period of DM+ANP rats. DM aggravates the progression of ANP and increases early bacterialtranslocation，endotoxemia and severity of pancreas and ileum lesions.