【Objective】To investigate the perioperative risk of different operation times on renal angiomyolipoma （AML）patients with rupture and hemorrhage.【Methods】From January 2006 to December 2016，AML patients with rupture and hemorrhage who receiving surgical treatment were recruited. According to the operation time，patients receiving surgery within 7 days after the hemorrhage were classified as short-term operation group. Patients receiving surgery exceeded 30 days after the hemorrhage were classified as long-term operation group. The general and perioperative data were compared between the two groups.【Results】There were no statistically significant differences in age，tumor size， clinical symptoms and operative methods between the two groups. However，as compared to the long-term operation group，the hemorrhage during surgery［（780±451）vs. （572±913）mL，P=0.029］，the volume of transfused blood［（2600 ±1733）vs.（820±582）mL，P=0.027］，the nephrectomy rate（60.0% vs. 22.6%，P=0.027）were significantly increased in the short-term operation group.【Conclusions】A long-term operation group for AML patients with rupture and hemor? rhage could have a lower perioperative risk.