【Objective】 To investigate histone deacetylase 1 (HDCA1) expression in liver tissue of mice in the course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its correlation with sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)

and further study the possible mechanism. 【Method】 C57BL/6 mice were fed with chow diet and high fat diet (HFD) for 9 weeks. Expressions of HDAC1

HDAC3 and SREBP in liver tissue of mice were detected by western blot. HepG2 cells were stained by oil red after the cells were treated with oleic acid for 24h

and HDAC1

HDAC3 and SREBP expressions in HepG2 cells were detected by western blot. Furthermore

HepG2 cells were pretreated with HDAC1 inhibitor and then treated with oleic acid

HDAC1

HDAC3 and SREBP expressions in HepG2 cells were detected by western blot. 【Results】The liver of mice appeared obvious steatosis on 9th week of HFD. Compare with the liver tissue of mice fed with chow diet

the expressions of HDAC1 and SERBP protein were statistically increased in the liver tissue of mice fed with HFD for 9 weeks (n=8

all P<0.05)

but HDAC3 appeared no difference. The protein expression of HDAC1 in mice liver was positively correlated with the duration of HFD (r=0.941

P<0.05). Accompany with a large amount of fat granules accumulating in HepG2 cell stained by oil red after treated with oleic acid for 24h

the protein expressions of HDAC1 and SREBP in HepG2 cells were dramatically increased compare with those of cells without oleic acid treatment (n=6

P<0.05)

and HDAC3 had no change. After HepG2 cells were pretreated with HDAC1 inhibitor

the elevated of SREBP protein induced by oleic acid was obviously inhibited. 【Conclusion】 It is HDAC1

but not HDAC3 play an important role in the course of NAFLD

which could at protein level accelerate the formation of NAFLD through inducing the SREBP protein expression.