【Objective】 To investigate the risk factors connected to recurrence of high-grade cervical intraephethial neoplasia (CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ) after loop electrosurgical procedure (LEEP) and evaluate the methods to follow up. 【Methods】 Analysis was performed with 203 cases who underwent a LEEP and were pathologically confirmed CINⅡ/Ⅲ in the Second Affiliated Hospital

Sun Yat-sen University from January 2007 to January 2009. Preoperative liquid-based cytological tests (LCT)

high-risk HPV DNA (HR-HPV)

clinicopathologic features were analyzed. The cases were followed up as long as 24 months after LEEP. LCT

HPV DNA were performed at the sixth

twelfth

eighteenth

and twenty-forth month after LEEP. Colposcopy and biopsy and endocervical curettage (ECC) were performed in case of either of LCT or HR-HPV DNA was positive. All of the cases who were followed up with negative results in LCT and HPV DNA were performed with colposcopy and biopsy and ECC at the 24th month after LEEP. 【Results】 An analysis of 203 patients who underwent a LEEP and pathologically confirmed CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ were performed. Eighteen patients were proved recurrence in the period of 24 months of follow-up with a recurrent rate of 7.0%. Margin involved and positive ECC were associated with recurrence (P < 0.01). Patients with margin involved had a recurrent rate of 20.8% while those without had a recurrent rate of 4.7%. Patients with positive ECC had a recurrent rate of 29.1% while those without had 4.7%. Sensitivity

specificity

positive predictive value and negative predictive value in follow up LCT and HR-HPV were 72.2% and 94.4%

81.6% and 86.9%

27.7% and 42.5%

97.4% and 99.3%

respectively. In the same HR-HPV genotype pre- and post-procedure

Sensitivity

specificity

positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 94.1%

95.7%

94.1%

and 95.7%. Compared with HR-HPV DNA

the same HR-HPV type pre- and post-procedure had the equal sensitivity and negative predictive value but higher specificity and positive predictive value. 【Conclusions】 Margin involved and positive ECC are risk factors for recurrence after LEEP. Besides LCT and HR-HPV DNA

the same HR-HPV genotype pre- and post-procedure is an important predictive factor for recurrence during follow up.