【Objective】 To explore the diagnosis and treatment of graft -versus-host disease (GVHD) after liver transplantation. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 772 cases of liver transplantation consecutively between October 2003 and June 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment was summarized. 【Results】 Five patients after liver transplantation suffered GVHD with incidence rate of 0.65% (5/772). All five cases developed skin rash

diarrhea

and pancytopenia within 2 to 5 weeks after liver transplantation. The liver function was normal. EBV antibody and CMV antigen were negative. Skin biopsy and bone marrow aspiration were done for the diagnosis of GVHD. After adjustment immunosuppressive drugs

treatment with interleukin-2 receptor monoclonal antibody

anti-infection and support treatment

two patients fully recovered from GVHD

but three patients died from alimentary tract bleeding

infection

or multiple organ failure in the end. 【Conclusion】 Mortality of GVHD after liver transplantation was high. Diagnosis in early stage

adjustment immunosuppressive drugs

symptomatic treatment

supplementation of nutrition

prevention of infections may be the optimal treatment of GVHD.