【Objective】 To introduce a new surgical approach: debridement surgery by the vaginal incision in the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis of 10 patients who were treated by transvaginal cesarean scar pregnancy debridement surgery from December 2009 to March 2011. 【Results】 Ten patients were successfully treated with shorter operative time

less damage

less bleeding

decreased postoperative blood HCG

and faster postoperative recovery period. Mean operation time: 59.5 (S = 18.5) min; Mean blood bleeding during operation: 79.5 (S = 53.2) mL; Mean admission time: 9.5 (S = 3.1) d; Mean recovery time of blood β-HCG levels: 14.9 (S = 8.7) d; Mean recovery of menstruation after operation: 28.7 (S = 5.1) d. 【Conclusion】 Transvaginal cesarean scar pregnancy debridement surgery is a new surgical treatment for CSP. It showed less damage

rapid postoperative recovery

fewer complications

and feasible and effective.