【Objective】To identify and validate a gene signature to predict prognosis and select suitable surgical candidate for HCC with PVTT (portal vein tumor thrombus) by microarray gene profiling. 【Methods】 Forty HCC with PVTT cases were divided into two groups: long-term survival and short-term survival

according to their median survival. Gene profiling study and a 3-fold cross-validation and resampling method were performed to pick up candidate genes

and then immunohistochemistry (IHC) study was used to validate the microarray results. 【Results】 Ten candidate genes including AKR1C1

TARDBP

EIF4E

MFN1

SNRNP25

LOC55908

ARPP19

RORC

PEX11B

and EGFR2 were selected by microarray. The sensitivity

specificity

and false positive rates for selecting postoperative longer survivor in HCC patients with PVTT were 95%

100%

and 0%

respectively. Hepatocellular carcinoma associated gene TD26 (LOC55908) was the most significant up-regulated gene in longer survivors (fold-change=9.51

P < 0.001). The expression of TD26 in longer survivors was validated by IHC study(P = 0.016).【Conclusion】Our data demonstrate that these 10 genes expression signature could be a novel biomarker to predict prognosis for HCC patients with PVTT.