柳州市中医医院神经内科,广西 柳州 545001
郑娜,第一作者,研究方向:中医脑病的临床与基础研究,E-mail:371747985@qq.com
收稿:2026-06-24,
修回:2026-08-22,
录用:2026-08-25,
纸质出版:2026-09-20
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郑娜,安红伟.小胶质细胞异质性及其在多发性硬化症中的研究进展[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):780-787.
ZHENG Na,AN Hongwei.Research Progress on Microglia Heterogeneity and Their Role in Multiple Sclerosis[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):780-787.
郑娜,安红伟.小胶质细胞异质性及其在多发性硬化症中的研究进展[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):780-787. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260093.
ZHENG Na,AN Hongwei.Research Progress on Microglia Heterogeneity and Their Role in Multiple Sclerosis[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):780-787. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260093.
多发性硬化症(MS)为中枢神经系统慢性免疫性脱髓鞘疾病,小胶质细胞作为中枢固有免疫细胞,在疾病进程中兼具损伤与修复双重调控作用。多项研究证实小胶质细胞在发育、衰老和病理状态下存在显著异质性,并已识别出增殖区相关小胶质细胞、疾病相关小胶质细胞、干扰素反应性小胶质细胞及MS炎症性小胶质细胞等多种细胞亚群。本文综述了小胶质细胞异质性及其在MS中的研究现状,着重论述其调控神经炎症与髓鞘再生的作用机制,为靶向小胶质细胞亚群的精准治疗提供理论参考,也为MS临床治疗提供新思路。
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. As the resident innate immune cells of the CNS, microglia exert dual regulatory effects throughout the disease course, encompassing both detrimental and reparative functions. Numerous studies have confirmed that microglia exhibit significant heterogeneity across development, aging, and pathological states, and multiple subpopulations have been identified, including proliferative region-associated microglia, disease-associated microglia, interferon-responsive microglia, and microglia inflamed in MS. This review summarizes the current state of microglial heterogeneity research and its implications in MS, with a particular focus on the mechanisms underlying their regulation of neuroinflammation and remyelination. It provides a theoretical reference for precision therapies targeting microglial subpopulations and offers novel insights for the clinical management of MS.
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