【Objective】To detect the expression of HIF-1 in a rabbit model of conjunctival wound healing，and to analyze the function of HIF-1 in rabbit conjunctival scar formation.【Methods】Forty-eight rabbits were separated into six groups based on different post operative points，including the 12th hour（12H），first day（D1），third day（D3），fifth day（D5），seventh day（D7）after the procedure，with a corresponding blank control（CON）. All cases in the experimental groups were surgically prepared with for nix-based conjunctival flaps，and post operative conjunctival vascularity was observed. At the surgical sites，the expression of HIF-1α was detected via Western Blot and real-time polymerasechain reaction，and histology was also observed to assess conjunctival fibrosis.【Results】Westernblot analysis indicated that the expression of HIF-1α protein was significantly higher on D3（P＜0.001）and D5（P＜0.001）in the experimental groups than in the CON group，and the change of the level of HIF-1α mRNA was consistent with the change of the level ofHIF-1α protein at different post operative points. Post operative image spresenting conjunctival vascularity were positively correlated with the expression of HIF-1α protein（r =0.626；P＜0.001）. Moreover，collagen content in the subconjunctival and Tenon’s tissues was markedly elevated on D3［（37.88±6.88）%；P =0.006］，D5［（47.50±6.26）%；P＜0.001］and D7［（53.45±3.78）%；P＜0.001］in the experimental groups compared to the CON group［（23.61± 5.26）%］ .【Conclusion】HIF-1α was expressed on rabbit conjunctiva and Tenon’s capsuleafterdevelopinga rabbit model of conjunctival wound healing. In addition，the overexpression of HIF-1 could promote conjunctival wound healing in rabbits.