Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the risk factors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL). 【Methods】 From May 2014 to March 2015

the data of 415 patients undergoing PCNL were analyzed retrospectivelyafter exclusion.Single-factor and Logistic multi-factor regression analysis were tested for risk factors of postoperative SIRS. 【Results】 ①69 patients were found with positive SIRS (SIRS+ group

n = 69)

and 182 patients were negative SIRS (SIRS - group

n = 182). No significant differences were seen in physical status between two groups.②Significant difference were found on Postoperative HGB≤90 g/L

SCr≥1.5 baseline

postoperative hospital stay≥8 d between SIRS+ group and SIRS - group (P < 0.05).③Single-factor analysis showed that stone diameter≥50 mm (P = 0.034)

cast stone (P = 0.031)

positive rine culture (P = 0.002)

operation time≥120 min (P = 0.003)

Tube size (P = 0.093)

Dex(Dexmedetomidine) (P =0.029)were the main factors of SIRS after PCNL. ④Furthermore

operation time ≥ 120 min (P = 0.001

OR = 3.011)

positive urine culture (P = 0.005

OR = 5.48)

and none Dex used (P = 0.019

OR=2.099) were considered to be the independent risk factors after PCNL in multi-factor Logistic regression analysis.【Conclusion】There were multiple factors combination influenced SIRS after PCNL

the operation time

positive urine culture

and none DEX were considered to be the independent risk factors of SIRS after PCNL. As present

there is no relevant studies of DEX on SIRS after PCNL

further research was needed.