Abstract:【Objective】 To evaluate the detected diagnostic value of CD138 in chronic endometritis and compare with that of conventional HE staining as well as investigate the risk factors in infertile patients with chronic endometritis. 【Methods】 Endometrial tissue of 93 infertile patients who recently received hysteroscopy and laparoscopy to confirm with normal uterine cavity for being prepared for assisted reproductive therapy was taken to routine HE staining and immunohistochemical staining for CD138. Clinical data of all patients were analyzed retrospectively and pregnant outcomes were followed up.【Results】①The detection rate: Immunohistochemical staining for CD138 can raise the detected capacity of chronic endometritis compared with HE staining (27.96% vs 26.89%

P < 0.05). ②Clinical pregnancy rate: Compared with patients without chronic endometritis(31.3%)

patients with chronic endometritis(7.7%) were less likely to be pregnant (P = 0.017). Univariate analysis and further regression analysis showed chronic endometritis correlated with history of dripping wet ungodliness (P = 0.014

OR = 5.394

95% CI 1.405-20.699)

induced abortion (P = 0.029

OR = 3.194

95% CI 1.125-9.073) and fallopian tube blockages (P = 0.028

OR = 3.274

95% CI 1.139-9.415).【Conclusion】 Immunohistochemical staining for CD138 can improve the detected capacity of chronic endometritis as a remmendation for patients with risk factors included history of dripping wet ungodliness

induced abortion and fallopian tube blockages.