广东省医学免疫与分子诊断重点实验室//广东医科大学衰老研究所//广东医科大学生物化学与分子生物学研究所//广东医科大学医学技术学院,广东 东莞 523808
陈玉枝,第一作者,研究方向:代谢重编程与肾脏疾病研究,E-mail:15917070883@163.com
收稿:2025-10-14,
修回:2025-11-12,
录用:2025-12-15,
纸质出版:2026-01-20
移动端阅览
陈玉枝,江晓云,戴祺慧等.脂质合成异常增多加重糖尿病肾病和叶酸诱导的肾损伤[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(01):119-132.
CHEN Yuzhi,JIANG Xiaoyun,DAI Qihui,et al.Aberrant Increase in Lipid Synthesis Exacerbates Diabetic Nephropathy and Folic Acid-induced Kidney Injury.[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(01):119-132.
陈玉枝,江晓云,戴祺慧等.脂质合成异常增多加重糖尿病肾病和叶酸诱导的肾损伤[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(01):119-132. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250152.
CHEN Yuzhi,JIANG Xiaoyun,DAI Qihui,et al.Aberrant Increase in Lipid Synthesis Exacerbates Diabetic Nephropathy and Folic Acid-induced Kidney Injury.[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(01):119-132. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250152.
目的
2
探讨叶酸诱导的肾损伤模型和糖尿病肾病(DN)模型中脂肪酸代谢的改变及其影响。
方法
2
通过腹腔注射叶酸构建叶酸诱导的肾损伤模型。将9只成年C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为2组:生理盐水对照组(Saline,
n
=5)和叶酸干预组(FA,
n
=4)。FA组小鼠腹腔单次注射叶酸(250 mg/kg),Saline组则注射相应体积的生理盐水。采用高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素注射构建DN模型。取11只成年C57BL/6J小鼠,随机分为2组:对照组(ND,
n
=6)和模型组(DN,
n
=5)。ND组全程饲喂正常饲料;DN组饲喂高脂饲料8周后单次腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(100 mg/kg),并继续饲喂高脂饲料至第16周。(1)采用HE和天狼星红染色观察4组小鼠肾脏的病理改变。(2)小鼠的肾脏组织进行RNA-Seq分析,筛选差异表达基因(DEGs)并进行GO、KEGG和GSEA分析。采用RT-qPCR检测各组小鼠的脂肪酸合成基因和纤维化相关基因的mRNA水平;制备肾脏冰冻切片进行油红O染色检测脂滴蓄积情况。(3)经10 ng/mL重组人TGF-β1处理或高糖条件培养的人肾皮质近曲小管上皮细胞(HK-2)通过RT-qPCR分析脂肪酸合成基因、纤维化相关基因的mRNA水平;利用Bodipy 493/503染色检测HK-2细胞和同样处理的原代肾小管上皮细胞(PTECs)的脂滴蓄积情况。(4)经100 µmol/L棕榈酸(PA)处理的HK-2细胞通过Bodipy 493/503染色评估脂滴蓄积情况。(5)利用SA-β-gal染色分别检测4组小鼠肾脏组织的衰老情况。利用SA-β-gal染色、Western blot和RT-qPCR评估PA处理的HK-2细胞衰老及衰老相关分泌表型因子的表达情况;利用免疫荧光分析PA处理的PTECs对肾脏成纤维细胞活化的影响。
结果
2
(1)FA和DN组小鼠肾脏组织出现肾小管结构损伤和胶原纤维沉积的病理学改变。(2)FA和DN组的差异表达基因显著富集于代谢相关通路,尤其是脂代谢相关通路。与Saline对照组相比,FA组脂肪酸合成基因
Srebp1
和
Fasn
的表达显著上调(
Srebp1
:
t
=2.445,
P
=0.044 4;
Fasn
:
t
=2.571,
P
=0.037 0);与ND组相比,DN组
Srebp1
、
Acc1
和
Fasn
基因表达上调(
Srebp1
:
t
=3.354,
P
=0.010 0;
Acc1
:
t
=2.602,
P
=0.031 5;
Fasn
:
t
=2.358,
P
=0.046 1)。FA和DN组的纤维化相关基因
Col1a1
均呈现表达上调(FA:
t
=2.628,
P
=0.034 0; DN:
t
=3.602,
P
=0.007 0),并伴有脂质蓄积的病理表现。(3)TGF-β1或高糖处理的HK-2细胞中
SREBP1
(
F
=15.41,
P
=0.004 3; TGFβ组:
P
=0.002 9; HG组:
P
=0.045 2)、
ACC1
(
F
=30.30,
P
=0.000 7; HG组:
P
=0.001 4)和
FASN
(
F
=18.76,
P
=0.002 6; TGFβ组:
P
=0.001 7; HG组:
P
=0.031 0)的mRNA水平显著上调,且两种处理均诱导HK-2细胞和PTECs脂质蓄积。(4)FA和DN组肾脏中衰老细胞增多,并且PA处理可诱导肾小管上皮细胞脂质蓄积并加快细胞衰老和成纤维细胞活化。
结论
2
叶酸性肾病和糖尿病肾病模型的肾脏中脂代谢相关基因的转录均发生异常,脂肪酸合成过度则会引发脂质蓄积,诱导PTECs衰老,最终促进纤维化发生发展。
Objective
2
To investigate the changes and effects of fatty acid metabolism in folic acid (FA)-induced kidney injury and diabetic nephropathy (DN) mouse models.
Methods
2
The FA-induced kidney injury model was established via intraperitoneal injection of FA. Nine adult C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to two groups: saline control group (Saline,
n
=5) and FA intervention group (
n
=4). Mice in the FA group received a single intraperitoneal injection of FA (250 mg/kg), whereas those in the Saline group were administered an equivalent volume of normal saline. The DN model was constructed using a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Eleven adult C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups: normal diet control group (ND,
n
=6) and DN model group (DN,
n
=5). The ND group was fed a normal diet throughout the experiment; the DN group was maintained on a high-fat diet for 8 weeks, followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (100 mg/kg), and then continued on the high-fat diet until week 16. (1) Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and sirius red staining were used to observe pathological changes in the kidneys of the four groups of mice. (2) RNA-Seq was
performed on mouse kidney tissues to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthesis and fibrosis-related genes. Lipid droplet accumulation was assessed by Oil Red O staining on frozen kidney sections. (3) Human renal cortical proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) were treated with 10 ng/mL recombinant human TGF-β1 or high glucose. RT-qPCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthesis and fibrosis-related genes in HK-2 cells. Lipid droplet accumulation in HK-2 cells and PTECs was detected using Bodipy 493/503 staining. (4) HK-2 cells were treated with 100 µmol/L palmitic acid (PA). Bodipy 493/503 staining was used to evaluate lipid droplet accumulation. (5) SA-β-gal staining was used to assess senescence in kidney tissues from all four mouse groups. Cellular senescence and the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors in PA-treated HK-2 cells were assessed using SA-β-gal staining, Western blot, and RT-qPCR. The effect of PA-treated PTECs on renal fibroblast activation was assessed by immunofluorescence.
Results
2
(1) Both FA and DN groups showed pathological changes in kidney tissue, including renal tubular structural damage and collagen fiber deposition. (2) DEGs in both FA and DN groups were significantly enriched in metabolism-related pathways, especially lipid metabolism pathways. Compared to the Saline control, the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes
Srebp1
and
Fasn
was significantly upregulated in the FA group (
Srebp1
:
t
=2.445,
P
=0.044 4;
Fasn
:
t
=2.571,
P
=0.037 0). Compared to the ND group,
Srebp1
,
Acc1
, and
Fasn
gene expression was upregulated in the DN group (
Srebp1
:
t
=3.354,
P
=0.010 0;
Acc1
:
t
=2.602,
P
=0.031 5;
Fasn
:
t
=2.358,
P
=0.046 1). The fibrosis-related gene
Col1a1
was also upregulated in both FA and DN groups (FA:
t
=2.628,
P
=0.034 0; DN:
t
=3.602,
P
=0.007 0), accompanied by pathological signs of lipid accumulation. (3) In HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1 or high glucose, the mRNA expression levels of
SREBP1
(
F
=15.41,
P
=0.004 3; TGFβ:
P
=0.002 9; HG:
P
=0.045 2),
ACC1
(
F
=30.30,
P
=0.000 7; HG:
P
=0.001 4), and
FASN
(
F
=18.76,
P
=0.002 6; TGFβ:
P
=0.001 7; HG:
P
=0.031 0)
were significantly upregulated. Both treatments also induced lipid accumulation in HK-2 cells and PTECs. (4) There was an increase in senescent cells in the kidneys of both the FA and DN groups. PA treatment induced lipid accumulation, accelerated senescence, and activated fibroblasts in renal tubular epithelial cells.
Conclusions
2
Transcriptional abnormalities of lipid metabolism-related genes were observed in the kidneys of both FA-induced kidney injury and diabetic nephropathy models. Excessive fatty acid synthesis leads to lipid accumulation, which induces senescence in PTECs and ultimately promotes the development and progression of fibrosis.
Kovesdy CP . Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022 [J]. Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 2022 , 12 ( 1 ): 7 - 11 .
Wing-Shing Fung W , Park HC , Hirakawa Y , et al . Capacity for the management of kidney failure in the International Society of Nephrology North and East Asia region: report from the 2023 ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) [J]. Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 2024 , 13 ( 1 ): 97 - 109 .
Cervantes CE , Hanouneh M , Jaar BG . From screening to treatment: the new landscape of diabetic kidney disease [J]. BMC Med , 2022 , 20 ( 1 ): 329 .
Bao YW , Yuan Y , Chen JH , et al . Kidney disease models: tools to identify mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets [J]. Zool Res , 2018 , 39 ( 2 ): 72 - 86 .
Chen QQ , Liu K , Shi N , et al . Neuraminidase 1 promotes renal fibrosis development in male mice [J]. Nat Commun , 2023 , 14 ( 1 ): 1713 .
Chen YY , Chen XG , Zhang S . Druggability of lipid metabolism modulation against renal fibrosis [J]. Acta Pharmacol Sin , 2022 , 43 ( 3 ): 505 - 519 .
Zeng Q , Gong Y , Zhu N , et al . Lipids and lipid metabolism in cellular senescence: emerging targets for age-related diseases [J]. Ageing Res Rev , 2024 , 97 : 102294 .
Houten SM , Violante S , Ventura FV , et al . The biochemistry and physiology of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and its genetic disorders [J]. Annu Rev Physiol , 2016 , 78 : 23 - 44 .
Petrenko V , Sinturel F , Riezman H , et al . Lipid metabolism around the body clocks [J]. Prog Lipid Res , 2023 , 91 : 101235 .
Mitrofanova A , Merscher S , Fornoni A . Kidney lipid dysmetabolism and lipid droplet accumulation in chronic kidney disease [J]. Nat Rev Nephrol , 2023 , 19 ( 10 ): 629 - 645 .
Xu J , Zhou L , Liu Y . Cellular senescence in kidney fibrosis: pathologic significance and therapeutic strategies [J]. Front Pharmacol , 2020 , 11 : 601325 .
Liu H , Chen YG . The interplay between TGF-β signaling and cell metabolism [J]. Front Cell Dev Biol , 2022 , 10 : 846723 .
Niculae A , Gherghina ME , Peride I , et al . Pathway from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease: molecules involved in renal fibrosis [J]. Int J Mol Sci , 2023 , 24 ( 18 ): 14019 .
Yan LJ . Folic acid-induced animal model of kidney disease [J]. Animal Model Exp Med , 2021 , 4 ( 4 ): 329 - 342 .
Gupta A , Puri V , Sharma R , et al . Folic acid induces acute renal failure (ARF) by enhancing renal prooxidant state [J]. Exp Toxicol Pathol , 2012 , 64 ( 3 ): 225 - 232 .
黄华 , 朱杰夫 , 夏瑶 , 等 . 热量限制通过抑制铁死亡减轻叶酸诱导的小鼠急性肾损伤 [J]. 中国病理生理杂志 , 2025 , 41 ( 6 ): 1170 - 1180 .
Huang J , Zhu FJ , Xia Y , et al . Caloric restriction inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates folic acid-induced acute kidney injury in mice [J]. CJ Pathophysiology , 2025 , 41 ( 6 ): 1170 - 1180 .
Gupta S , Dominguez M , Golestaneh L . Diabetic kidney disease: an update [J]. Med Clin North Am , 2023 , 107 ( 4 ): 689 - 705 .
唐璇璇 , 董邓波 , 邹圣强 , 等 . 1990—2019年中国糖尿病肾病疾病负担分析及发病预测研究 [J]. 现代预防医学 , 2024 , 51 ( 13 ): 2336 - 2341 .
Tang XX , Dong DB , Zou SQ , et al . Disease burden analysis and incidence prediction of diabetic nephropathy in China from 1990 to 2019 [J]. Modern Prev Med , 2024 , 51 ( 13 ): 2336 - 2341 .
Naaman SC , Bakris GL . Diabetic nephropathy: update on pillars of therapy slowing progression [J]. Diabetes Care , 2023 , 46 ( 9 ): 1574 - 1586 .
Xie P , Xie W , Wang Z , et al . Association of diabetic nephropathy with lipid metabolism: a mendelian randomization study [J]. Diabetol Metab Syndr , 2025 , 17 ( 1 ): 102 .
Wu L , Liu C , Chang DY , et al . The attenuation of diabetic nephropathy by annexin A1 via regulation of lipid metabolism through the AMPK/PPARα/CPT1b pathway [J]. Diabetes , 2021 , 70 ( 10 ): 2192 - 2203 .
王海燕 , 王璐璐 , 戴春笋 , 等 . PPARδ激动剂seladelpar在糖尿病肾病小鼠中的作用 [J]. 中国病理生理杂志 , 2024 , 40 ( 12 ): 2202 - 2209 .
Wang HY , Wang LL , Dai CS , et al . Role of PPARδ agonist seladelpar in mice with diabetic kidney disease [J]. CJ Pathophysiology , 2024 , 40 ( 12 ): 2202 - 2209 .
Fan X , Yang M , Lang Y , et al . Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming in diabetic kidney disease [J]. Cell Death Dis , 2024 , 15 ( 6 ): 442 .
Su K , Yi B , Yao BQ , et al . Liraglutide attenuates renal tubular ectopic lipid deposition in rats with diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting lipid synthesis and promoting lipolysis [J]. Pharmacol Res , 2020 , 156 : 104778 .
Luo C , Zhou S , Zhou Z , et al . Wnt9a promotes renal fibrosis by accelerating cellular senescence in tubular epithelial cells [J]. J Am Soc Nephrol , 2018 , 29 ( 4 ): 1238 - 1256 .
Gong W , Luo C , Peng F , et al . Brahma-related gene-1 promotes tubular senescence and renal fibrosis through Wnt/β-catenin/autophagy axis [J]. Clin Sci (Lond) , 2021 , 135 ( 15 ): 1873 - 1895 .
Li L , Xiang T , Guo J , et al . Inhibition of ACSS2-mediated histone crotonylation alleviates kidney fibrosis via IL-1β-dependent macrophage activation and tubular cell senescence [J]. Nat Commun , 2024 , 15 ( 1 ): 3200 .
0
浏览量
137
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621
