电针督脉/夹脊穴可激活腰髓神经元提高脊髓损伤大鼠后肢运动功能

廖怡栋; 柯茗瀚; 田淼; 李贝宁; 何冠蘅; 赖碧琴; 曾园山; 丁英

doi:10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260059

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电针督脉/夹脊穴可激活腰髓神经元提高脊髓损伤大鼠后肢运动功能

基础研究 | 更新时间：2026-07-29

- 电针督脉/夹脊穴可激活腰髓神经元提高脊髓损伤大鼠后肢运动功能
- Electroacupuncture at the Governor Vessel / Jiaji Acupoints Can Activate Lumbar Spinal Cord Neurons to Improve the Motor Function of the Hind Limbs in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury
- 中山大学学报（医学科学版） 2026年47卷第4期页码：644-655
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中山大学中山医学院，广东广州 510080
  2.中山大学附属第一医院针灸科，广东广州 510080
- 作者简介：
  
  廖怡栋，第一作者，研究方向：电针联合神经干细胞修复脊髓损伤研究，E-mail：liaoyd6@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(82374579;82205248);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515012211;2022A1515012133)
- DOI：10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260059
  中图分类号： R338
- 收稿：2026-04-13，
  
  修回：2026-05-07，
  
  录用：2026-06-03，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-21，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-20
- 稿件说明：
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廖怡栋,柯茗瀚,田淼等.电针督脉/夹脊穴可激活腰髓神经元提高脊髓损伤大鼠后肢运动功能[J].中山大学学报（医学科学版）,2026,47(04):644-655.

LIAO Yidong,KE Minghan,TIAN Miao,et al.Electroacupuncture at the Governor Vessel / Jiaji Acupoints Can Activate Lumbar Spinal Cord Neurons to Improve the Motor Function of the Hind Limbs in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(04):644-655.
廖怡栋,柯茗瀚,田淼等.电针督脉/夹脊穴可激活腰髓神经元提高脊髓损伤大鼠后肢运动功能[J].中山大学学报（医学科学版）,2026,47(04):644-655. DOI： 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260059.

LIAO Yidong,KE Minghan,TIAN Miao,et al.Electroacupuncture at the Governor Vessel / Jiaji Acupoints Can Activate Lumbar Spinal Cord Neurons to Improve the Motor Function of the Hind Limbs in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(04):644-655. DOI： 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260059.

摘要

目的

探究电针督脉穴或夹脊穴对全横断脊髓损伤大鼠腰髓神经元激活和瘫痪后肢运动功能恢复的影响。

方法

选取成年SD雌性大鼠20只，其中15只大鼠执行第10胸髓全横断损伤，随机分为对照（Control）组，电针督脉穴（GV）组和电针夹脊穴（JJ）组，每组5只；另外5只则为正常（Normal）组。两种电针组大鼠于术后3 d开始电针治疗，隔天治疗，每周进行Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan（BBB）行为学评分；术后8周，执行电生理皮质运动诱发电位（CMEP）检测，并灌注固定取材、冰冻切片、免疫荧光染色实验。

结果

①两种电针治疗都能激活腰髓第1节段（L1）的脊髓神经元表达兴奋性标记物c-Fos，c-Fos阳性（c-Fos

）神经元主要分布在脊髓的Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅶ板层，而Normal组和Control组脊髓内未见c-Fos

神经元；GV组和JJ组电针激活的c-Fos

神经元百分率分别为（10.23±0.15）%和（10.77±1.12）%，且两电针组无显著性差异。②vGluT1

本体感觉神经纤维主要分布在L1脊髓灰质背角和中间带的Ⅶ板层。在L1脊髓背角，GV组和JJ组vGluT1

神经纤维相对荧光强度大于Control组，且JJ组大于GV组；在L1脊髓中央模式发生器（CPG，支配后肢节律运动的中间神经元）所在的Ⅶ板层，GV组和JJ组的vGluT1

神经纤维相对荧光强度大于Control组，且JJ组也大于GV组，并发现GV组和JJ组vGluT1

神经纤维终末支配Ⅶ板层神经元并共表达兴奋性标记物c-Fos。③各组L4脊髓腹角内的乙酰胆碱酯酶（ChAT）免疫荧光染色结果显示，GV组（19.1±3.4，

=0.000 2）和JJ组（19.0±2.9，

=0.000 2）的ChAT

运动神经元存活数多于Control组（9.9±1.9）。④在各组L4脊髓腹角内，与ChAT

运动神经元胞体接触的vGluT2

兴奋性轴突终末数、vGAT

抑制性轴突终末数、vGluT2

/vGAT

轴突终末数比值［即反映运动神经元的兴奋/抑制（E/I）平衡］的结果分析显示，GV组和JJ组的这三个指标的数值都高

于Control组，且两电针组的兴奋/抑制性轴突终末与运动神经元胞体接触的E/I比值逐渐恢复正常并与Normal组无统计学差异。⑤电生理和行为学检测结果显示，与Control组比较，GV组和JJ组的大鼠CMEP潜伏期缩短，而其波幅增高；大鼠瘫痪后肢行为学BBB评分显示，治疗8周后，GV组（4.25±1.26，

=0.023 4）和JJ组（4.75±0.96，

=0.000 2）的评分均高于Control组（1.80±1.30），但两电针组没有统计学差异。

结论

电针GV或JJ穴位均可能通过促进脊髓内本体感觉信息传入，激活L1脊髓Ⅶ板层的CPG神经元；并促进L4脊髓运动神经元存活及其兴奋/抑制平衡恢复，提高大鼠瘫痪后肢的运动功能。

Abstract

Objective

To explore the effects of electroacupuncture at governor vessel or Jiaji acupoints on the activation of lumbar spinal cord neurons and the recovery of motor function in paralyzed hind limbs in rats with complete transection of spinal cord injury.

Methods

Twenty adult female SD rats were selected. Among them， 15 rats underwent the complete transection of the 10th thoracic spinal cord and were randomly divided into the Control group， the electroacupuncture at governor vessel acupoints （GV） group and the electroacupuncture at Jiaji acupoints （JJ） group， with 5 rats in each group. The other 5 rats served as the Normal group. Electroacupuncture treatment was initiated 3 days after surgery in the GV and JJ groups and performed every other day. Basso-Beatti-Bresnahan （BBB） behavioral score was evaluated weekly. Eight weeks after the operation， cortical motor evoked potential （CMEP） detection was performed， followed by perfusion fixation， tissue harvest， frozen sectioning， and immunofluorescence staining experiments.

Results

① Both electroacupuncture treatments activated the expression of the excitatory marker c-Fos in L1 spinal cord neurons. The c-Fos

activated neurons were mainly distributed in lamina Ⅳ， Ⅴ and Ⅶ of the L1 spinal cord， while no c-Fos

neuron was observed in the Normal group and the Control group. The percentages of c-Fos

neurons activated by electroacupuncture in the GV group and the JJ group were （10.23±0.15） % and （10.77±1

.12） %， respectively， and there was no significant difference between the two electroacupuncture groups. ② vGluT1

proprioceptive afferent nerve fibers were mainly distributed in the dorsal horn and lamina Ⅶ of intermediate zone of L1 spinal cord gray matter. In the dorsal horn of L1 spinal cord， the relative fluorescence intensity of vGluT1

nerve fibers in the GV group and the JJ group were greater than that in the Control group， and that in the JJ group was greater than that in the GV group. In the lamina Ⅶ in intermediate zone of L1 spinal cord， where the central pattern generator （CPG） for hindlimb rhythmic movement is located， the relative fluorescence intensity of vGluT1

nerve fibers in the GV group and the JJ group were significantly higher than that in the Control group， and the JJ group was also higher than the GV group； The lamina Ⅶ neurons innervated by vGluT1

axon terminals were activated to express the excitatory marker c-Fos in the GV group and the JJ group. ③ The immunofluorescence staining results of acetylcholinesterase （ChAT） in the ventral horn of L4 spinal cord of each group showed that the number of surviving ChAT

motor neurons in the GV group （19.1±3.4，

=0.000 2） and JJ group （19.0±2.9，

=0.000 2） were higher than that in the Control group （9.9±1.9）. ④ The quantitative analysis of the vGluT2

excitatory axonal terminals， vGAT

inhibitory axonal terminals， and the ratio of vGluT2

/vGAT

axonal terminals ［reflecting the excitation/inhibition （E/I） balance of motor neurons］ innervating ChAT

motor neurons in the ventral horn of the L4 spinal cord revealed that all three indices were significantly higher in the GV and JJ groups than in the Control group. Moreover， the E/I ratio of motor neurons in the two electroacupuncture groups gradually reached the same level as normal and showed no statistical difference from the Normal group. ⑤ The electrophys

iological and behavioral detection results showed that compared with the Control group， the latencies of CMEP in the GV group and the JJ group shortened， while their amplitudes increased. The BBB score of paralyzed hindlimbs showed that after 8 weeks of treatment， the scores of both the GV group （4.25±1.26，

=0.023 4） and the JJ group （4.75±0.96，

=0.000 2） were higher than those of the Control group （1.80±1.30）， but there was no statistical difference between the two electroacupuncture groups.

Conclusion

Electroacupuncture at GV or JJ acupoints may promote the afferent of vGluT1

proprioceptive nerve fibers into the spinal cord， indicating the possibility to activate CPG neurons in lamina Ⅶ of L1 spinal cord； facilitate the survival of motor neurons in the L4 spinal cord and restore their excitatory/inhibitory balance， improving the motor function of the paralyzed hindlimbs in rats.

关键词

Keywords

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