上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院内分泌内科,上海200336
崔心远,第一作者,研究方向:内分泌与代谢病,E-mail:cuixinyuan623@163.com
收稿:2025-10-12,
修回:2025-11-20,
录用:2025-12-17,
纸质出版:2026-01-20
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崔心远,许波进,周海平等.2型糖尿病患者空腹血糖-胰岛素抵抗动态轨迹的影响因素分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(01):162-171.
CUI Xinyuan,XU Bojin,ZHOU Haiping,et al.Influencing Factors Analysis of the Dynamic Trajectories of Fasting Blood Glucose-Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(01):162-171.
崔心远,许波进,周海平等.2型糖尿病患者空腹血糖-胰岛素抵抗动态轨迹的影响因素分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(01):162-171. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250149.
CUI Xinyuan,XU Bojin,ZHOU Haiping,et al.Influencing Factors Analysis of the Dynamic Trajectories of Fasting Blood Glucose-Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(01):162-171. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250149.
目的
2
探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者空腹血糖(FBG)与胰岛素抵抗(IR)长期动态轨迹特征及其影响因素。
方法
2
本研究为回顾性队列研究,纳入2020年5月—2025年5月上海市同仁医院登记的1 896例T2DM患者。基于纵向随访的FBG与空腹胰岛素数据,采用联合潜类别混合模型识别FBG-IR联合演变轨迹,并通过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析探讨人口学特征、生活方式及临床指标对轨迹类型的影响。
结果
2
共识别出4类FBG-IR轨迹:稳定FBG-IR型(9.76%)、升高FBG-稳定IR型(5.01%)、稳定FBG-升高IR型(75.90%)及升高FBG-IR型(9.34%)。与稳定FBG-IR型相比,年龄≥60岁是升高FBG-稳定IR型的保护因素(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.33~0.92,
P
=0.023);高中及以上文化程度增加稳定FBG-升高IR型风险(OR=1.40,95%CI:1.01~1.94,
P
=0.046);血压异常与稳定FBG-升高IR型(OR=0.66,95%CI:0.48~0.92,
P
=0.013)及升高FBG-IR型(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.31~0.74,
P
=0.001)的风险降低相关;从不饮酒者进入稳定FBG-升高IR型风险较低(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.16~0.95,
P
=0.038)。
结论
2
T2DM患者FBG与IR存在显著异质性的演变轨迹,IR恶化先行者占多数。年龄、教育程度、血压和饮酒情况是主要影响因素。联合评估FBG与IR有助于早期识别高危人群并指导个体化干预。
Objective
2
To explore the long-term dynamic trajectories of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their influencing factors.
Methods
2
This retrospective cohort study included 1 896 T2DM patients registered at Tongren Hospital from May 2020 to May 2025. Based on longitudinal follow-up data of FBG and fasting insulin, joint latent class mixed models (JLMM) were applied to identify FBG-IR trajectories. Univariate and multinomial logistic regression was used to examine demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and clinical determinants of trajectory type.
Results
2
Four distinct FBG-IR trajectories were identified: stable FBG-IR (9
.76%), rising FBG-stable IR (5.01%), stable FBG-elevated IR (75.90%), and elevated FBG-IR (9.34%). Compared with the stable FBG-IR group, age ≥60 years was protective against the elevated FBG-stable IR trajectory (OR=0.55, 95%CI:0.33-0.92,
P
=0.023). Highereducation increased the risk of stable FBG-elevated IR (OR=1.40, 95%CI:1.01-1.94,
P
=0.046). Abnormal blood pressure was associated with lower risks of stable FBG-elevated IR (OR=0.66, 95%CI:0.48-0.92,
P
=0.013) and elevated FBG-IR (OR=0.48, 95%CI:0.31-0.74,
P
=0.001). Non-drinkers were less likely to belong to the stable FBG-elevated IR trajectory (OR=0.39, 95%CI:0.16-0.95,
P
=0.038).
Conclusions
2
The evolution trajectory of FBG and IR in T2DM patients shows significant heterogeneity. The majority of patients have a deterioration of IR first. Age, education level, blood pressure, and alcohol consumption are the main influencing factors. Joint assessment of FBG and IR is helpful for early identification of high-risk individuals and guiding individualized intervention.
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