1.河南中医药大学康复医学院,河南 郑州 450046
2.河南中医药大学第一附属医院康复中心,河南 郑州 450000
万晨蕾,第一作者,研究方向:脑卒中、帕金森病康复,E-mail:1813435717@qq.com
任彬彬,通信作者,主任医师,研究方向:脑卒中、帕金森病康复,E-mail:iibinbin@163.com
收稿:2025-10-12,
修回:2025-11-15,
录用:2026-02-21,
纸质出版:2026-03-20
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万晨蕾,任彬彬.基于NLRP3-GSDMD通路的细胞焦亡调控与缺血性脑卒中的免疫治疗策略[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(02):216-226.
WAN Chenlei,REN Binbin.Regulation of Pyroptosis via the NLRP3-GSDMD Pathway and Its Immunotherapeutic Strategy in Ischemic Stroke[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(02):216-226.
万晨蕾,任彬彬.基于NLRP3-GSDMD通路的细胞焦亡调控与缺血性脑卒中的免疫治疗策略[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(02):216-226. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250151.
WAN Chenlei,REN Binbin.Regulation of Pyroptosis via the NLRP3-GSDMD Pathway and Its Immunotherapeutic Strategy in Ischemic Stroke[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(02):216-226. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250151.
缺血性脑卒中(IS)是全球范围内致残和致死率极高的神经系统疾病,其发生发展过程中伴随复杂的免疫炎症反应与细胞死亡形式的交织。近年来,细胞焦亡作为一种由炎性小体介导的程序性细胞死亡方式,在卒中后神经损伤中的关键作用逐渐受到关注。其中,含吡啶结构域的NOD样受体家族蛋白3炎性小体-气道蛋白D(NLRP3-GSDMD)通路作为细胞焦亡的核心信号轴,在脑缺血后的免疫反应与神经功能损伤中起到关键调控作用。然而,目前针对该通路的作用机制尚不完全清晰、治疗策略仍面临特异性不足等瓶颈问题。因此,本文通过阐述总结IS的免疫炎症病理机制、NLRP3-GSDMD通路与细胞焦亡的作用和涉及此通路为靶点的免疫治疗策略,旨在为未来基于细胞焦亡调控的卒中免疫治疗研究提供参考与新思路。
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a neurological disorder with high rates of disability and mortality worldwide, characterized by complex interactions between immune-inflammatory responses and various forms of cell death during its onset and progression. In recent years, pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death mediated by inflammasomes, has attracted increasing attention for its critical role in post-stroke neuronal injury. Among the underlying mechanisms, the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome-Gasdermin D (NLRP3-GSDMD) pathway, as the central signaling axis of pyroptosis, plays a crucial regulatory role in immune responses and neuronal dysfunction following cerebral ischemia. However, current therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway remain limited by insufficient specificity and an incomplete understanding of its mechanisms of action. Therefore, this review summarizes the immuno-inflammatory pathology of IS, the mechanisms of the NLRP3-GSDMD pathway and pyroptosis, as well as emerging immunotherapeutic strategies targeting this signaling axis, aiming to provide insights and references for future research on pyroptosis-based immunomodulatory therapies for stroke.
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