1.广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心麻醉科,广东 广州 510623
2.中山大学附属第一医院麻醉科,广东 广州 510080
李伟红,第一作者,研究方向:疼痛治疗,小儿麻醉,E-mail: 1360003501@qq.com
收稿:2026-06-04,
修回:2026-08-25,
录用:2026-09-10,
纸质出版:2026-09-20
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李伟红,余婕,罗文颖等.50岁以上带状疱疹人群带状疱疹后遗神经痛的发生及危险因素分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):938-946.
LI Weihong,YU Jie,LUO Wenying,et al.Incidence and Influencing Factors Analysis of Postherpetic Neuralgia in People Over 50 Years Old with Herpes Zoster[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):938-946.
李伟红,余婕,罗文颖等.50岁以上带状疱疹人群带状疱疹后遗神经痛的发生及危险因素分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):938-946. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260078.
LI Weihong,YU Jie,LUO Wenying,et al.Incidence and Influencing Factors Analysis of Postherpetic Neuralgia in People Over 50 Years Old with Herpes Zoster[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):938-946. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260078.
目的
2
研究本中心皮肤科门诊规范抗病毒治疗且≥50岁以上的带状疱疹(HZ)患者带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)的发生率及其影响因素分析。
方法
2
以“带状疱疹”为关键词检索病历系统,收集2020年7月至2021年7月确诊HZ患者,筛选符合纳入标准的HZ患者,通过电话随访回顾患者PHN的发生情况。按照是否发生PHN,分为PHN组和非PHN组,比较两组病人一般资料(性别、年龄及合并基础疾病)、前驱疼痛程度、皮损特点(皮损范围、位置、急性期疼痛程度)、治疗情况(药物治疗、物理治疗、复合镇痛治疗)的差异。通过组间比较和多因素分析评估纳入HZ患者发生PHN的影响因素。通过疼痛等级评分(NRS)对PHN患者疼痛程度、HZ急性期疼痛程度和前驱疼痛程度进行评分。组间比较采用卡方检验、Mann-Whitney
U
检验、
t
检验,多因素分析使用二元logistic回归。
结果
2
研究最终纳入238例≥50岁且接受规范抗病毒治疗的HZ患者,其中76例患者(31.9%)发生PHN。单因素分析显示:年龄、皮损面积、急性期疼痛程度、使用加巴喷丁、复合镇痛治疗对HZ后PHN的影响差异具有统计学意义(
P
<0.05)。将单因素分析中
P
<0.05的指标,并且按照患者使用镇痛方案的不同分组后进行多因素分析,多因素分析显示:皮损面积≥1%(OR=2.501;95%CI=1.408~4.443;
P
=0.002<0.05)、急性期疼痛程度(分)(OR=1.160;95%CI=1.028~1.309;
P
=0.016<0.05)是PHN的独立危险因素。年龄、使用加巴喷丁、复合镇痛治疗和PHN的发生无统计学意义(
P
>0.05)。
结论
2
≥50岁HZ患者,接受规范抗病毒治疗,其PHN的发生率为31.9%。皮损面积≥1%、急性期疼痛NRS评分高是所纳入HZ患者发生PHN的独立危险因素。
Objective
2
To investigate the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and its associated risk factors in patients aged ≥50 years with herpes zoster (HZ) who received standard antiviral therapy at the dermatology outpatient clinic of our center.
Methods
2
HZ patients were identified by searching the medical record system using "herpes zoster" as the keyword, and those diagnosed between July 2020 and July 2021. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria were followed up via telephone to retrospectively assess the occurrence of PHN. Patients were divided into a PHN group and a non-PHN group based on the presence of PHN. General patient information (gender, age
, and underlying diseases), prodromal pain intensity, and lesion characteristics (area, location, and acute-phase pain intensity) as well as treatment modalities (pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and combined analgesic therapy) were compared between the two groups. Intergroup comparisons and multifactorial analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the development of PHN in HZ patients. Pain intensity was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for PHN pain, acute-phase HZ pain, and prodromal pain. Intergroup comparisons were conducted using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney
U
test, and
t
-test. Binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis to identify independent risk factors.
Results
2
A total of 238 HZ patients aged ≥50 years who received standard antiviral therapy were ultimately included, of whom 76 (31.9%) developed PHN. Unifactorial analysis showed that age, lesion area, acute-phase pain intensity, and the use of gabapentin or combined analgesic therapy significantly influenced the occurrence of PHN after HZ (
P
<
0.05). Statistically significant indicators (
P
<
0.05) from the unifactorial analysis and the different analgesic regimens adopted by patients were included in the multifactorial analysis. Multifactorial analysis revealed that lesion area ≥1% (OR=2.501; 95%CI=1.408-4.443;
P
=0.002
<
0.05) and acute-phase pain score (OR=1.160; 95%CI=1.028-1.309;
P
=0.016
<
0.05) were independent risk factors for PHN. Age and the use of gabapentin or combined analgesic therapy showed no statistically significant association with the occurrence of PHN (
P
>
0.05).
Conclusions
2
In HZ patients aged ≥50 years receiving standard antiviral therapy, the incidence of PHN is 31.9%. A lesion area ≥1% and higher acute-phase pain NRS scores are identified as independent risk factors for the development of PHN in these patients.
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