1.南昌大学第二附属医院人工智能与信息化部,江西 南昌 330006
2.南昌大学江西医学院护理学院,江西 南昌 330006
3.南昌大学江西医学院公共卫生学院,江西 南昌 330019
4.南昌大学第二附属医院健康管理中心,江西 南昌 330006
5.南昌大学第二附属医院护理部,江西 南昌 330006
许源,第一作者,研究方向:临床数据挖掘、临床大数据研究,E-mail:xuyuan_0805@163.com
收稿:2026-06-12,
修回:2026-08-25,
录用:2026-08-28,
纸质出版:2026-09-20
移动端阅览
许源,姜妍,张亚楠等.基于潜在类别轨迹模型的心力衰竭患者易损期KCCQ症状评分轨迹与再入院风险分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):899-912.
XU Yuan,JIANG Yan,ZHANG Yanan,et al.A Latent Class Trajectory Model Based Analysis of KCCQ Symptom Score Trajectories and Readmission Risk in Heart Failure Patients during the Vulnerable Period[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):899-912.
许源,姜妍,张亚楠等.基于潜在类别轨迹模型的心力衰竭患者易损期KCCQ症状评分轨迹与再入院风险分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):899-912. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260088.
XU Yuan,JIANG Yan,ZHANG Yanan,et al.A Latent Class Trajectory Model Based Analysis of KCCQ Symptom Score Trajectories and Readmission Risk in Heart Failure Patients during the Vulnerable Period[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):899-912. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260088.
目的
2
分析心力衰竭患者易损期KCCQ症状评分轨迹特征及其与6个月内再入院风险的关联。
方法
2
采用前瞻性队列研究设计,纳入2020年8月至2025年7月中国南昌某三级甲等医院住院的慢性心力衰竭患者1 109例。分别于入院后第3天、出院当天及出院后1、2、3、6个月进行KCCQ评估。采用基于组的轨迹建模识别KCCQ评分变化模式,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析轨迹组与再入院风险的关联。
结果
2
随访期间229例患者发生再入院,占20.6%。轨迹分析识别出4类KCCQ变化模式:持续下降组228例(20.6%)、持续改善组110例(9.9%)、稳定中分组545例(49.1%)和稳定高分组226例(20.4%)。以稳定中分组为参照,在完全调整模型中,持续下降组再入院风险较高(OR=2.099,95% CI:1.027~4.315,
P
=0.043),稳定高分组再入院风险较低(OR=0.260,95% CI:0.127~0.494,
P
<
0.001);持续改善组与再入院风险的关联未达到统计学意义(OR=0.614,95% CI:0.306~1.154,
P
=0.147)。
结论
2
心力衰竭患者易损期KCCQ症状评分轨迹存在明显异质性,并与6个月内再入院风险相关。持续下降轨迹提示较高再入院风险,稳定高分轨迹提示较低再入院风险。连续监测KCCQ变化趋势可为心力衰竭患者出院后风险分层和随访管理提供参考。
Objective
2
This study examined KCCQ symptom score trajectories during the vulnerable phase of heart failure and their association with readmission within 6 months.
Methods
2
This prospective cohort study included 1 109 patients hospitalized for chronic heart failure at a tertiary hospital in Nanchang, China, between August 2020 and July 2025. KCCQ scores were assessed at six time points: day 3 after admission, discharge, and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after discharge. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify patterns of change in KCCQ scores. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between trajectory membership and readmission risk.
Results
2
During follow-up, 229 patients were readmitted, accounting for 20.6% of the cohort. Four KCCQ trajectories were identified: persistently declining scores (
n
=228, 20.6%), persistently improving scores (
n
=110, 9.9%), stable intermediate scores (
n
=545, 49.1%), and stable high scores (
n
=226, 20.4%). Compared with the stable intermediate group, the persistently declining group had a higher risk of readmission in the fully adjusted model (OR=2.099, 95% CI: 1.027–4.315,
P
=0.043), whereas the stable high-score group had a lower risk (OR=0.260, 95% CI: 0.127–0.494,
P
<
0.001). The association between the persistently improving trajectory and readmission was not statistically significant (OR=0.614, 95% CI: 0.306–1.154,
P
=0.147).
Conclusions
2
KCCQ symptom score trajectories during the vulnerable phase of heart failure show marked heterogeneity and are associated with readmission within 6 months. A persistently declining trajectory is associated with higher readmission risk, whereas a stable high-score trajectory is associated with lower risk. Longitudinal monitoring of KCCQ score changes may help inform post-discharge risk stratification and follow-up management in patients with heart failure.
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