中山大学附属第一医院儿科,广东 广州 510080
王冰,第一,研究方向:儿童生长发育与内分泌遗传代谢,E-mail:wangb295@mail.sysu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-05-20,
修回:2025-09-25,
录用:2025-11-04,
纸质出版:2025-11-20
移动端阅览
王冰,陈秋莉,郭松等.2型5α还原酶缺乏症合并中枢性性早熟的临床特征分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2025,46(06):1079-1086.
WANG Bing,CHEN Qiuli,GUO Song,et al.Analysis of Clinical Features of 5α-Reductase Type 2 Deficiency with Central Precocious Puberty[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2025,46(06):1079-1086.
王冰,陈秋莉,郭松等.2型5α还原酶缺乏症合并中枢性性早熟的临床特征分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2025,46(06):1079-1086. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0618.
WANG Bing,CHEN Qiuli,GUO Song,et al.Analysis of Clinical Features of 5α-Reductase Type 2 Deficiency with Central Precocious Puberty[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2025,46(06):1079-1086. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0618.
目的
2
总结2型5α还原酶缺乏症合并中枢性性早熟的临床特征,为临床医生提供经验。
方法
2
回顾性分析本院儿科生长发育中心2型5α还原酶缺乏症患儿且随访至青春期的患儿,6例发生中枢性性早熟。总结这6例患儿的临床资料和诊治过程,结合文献探讨2型5α还原酶缺乏症合并中枢性性早熟可能的发病机制。
结果
2
6例2型5α还原酶缺乏症合并中枢性性早熟的患儿初次就诊的中位年龄5.55(3.50~7.20)岁,最常见的临床表现为小阴茎及尿道下裂,中位阴茎牵拉长度(SPL) 2.25(1.8~2.8)cm,SPL-SDS -4.5(-3.1~-5.8),中位外部男性化评分(EMS)8.5(5.0~9.0),中位Prader分期4.5(3.0~5.0)。青春发育的年龄为8.70(7.80~9.00)岁,其中3例合并超重/肥胖,5例曾接受2.5%DHT凝胶治疗,进入青春期前的药物累积剂量为205.5(72.0~660.3)mg/kg。1例未曾给予任何形式的雄激素制剂或者促性腺激素治疗且体质量指数(BMI)正常,仍于8.4岁出现青春期启动。
结论
2
2型5α还原酶缺乏症患儿出现中枢性性早熟可能与使用双氢睾酮(DHT)凝胶有关,BMI升高可能促进了该过程的发生,但不排除跟疾病本身相关,仍需要进一步研究来证实。
Objective
2
To sum up the clinical features of 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency (5α-RD2) complicated by central precocious puberty (CPP), and provide experience for clinicians.
Methods
2
A retrospective review was conducted of child patients with 5α-RD2 followed up to puberty at a single tertiary pediatric center, in whom 6 cases developed CRP. Clinical characteristics and treatment history of them were analyzed. A literature review was also performed to investigate possible mechanisms underlying the co-occurrence of 5α-RD2 and CPP.
Results
2
The median age at initial presentation was 5.55 years (IQR 3.50-7.20). Common clinical features included micropenis and hypospadias. Median stretched penile length (SPL) was 2.25 cm (IQR 1.8-2.8), with an SPL-SDS of -4.5 (IQR -3.1 to -5.8). Median external masculinization score (EMS) and Prader scores were 8.5 (IQR 5.0-9.0) and 4.5 (IQR 3.0-5.0), respectively. Pubertal onset occurred at a median age of 8.70 years (IQR 7.80-9.00). Three patients were overweight or obese. Five had received 2.5% dihydrotestosterone (DHT) gel prior to pubertal onset, with a median cumulative dose of 205.5 mg/kg (IQR 72.0-660.3 mg/kg) with DHT gel therapy. Notably, one patient with normal body mass index (BMI) and no history of androgen or gonadotropin therapy also exhibited early pubertal onset at 8.4 years.
Conclusion
2
CPP in children with 5α-RD2 may be associated with prior dihydrotestosterone (DHT) gel therapy and elevated BMI; however, a potential intrinsic link to the underlying disorder cannot be excluded. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms.
Ittiwut C , Pratuangdejkul J , Supornsilchai V , et al . Novel mutations of the SRD5A2 and AR genes in Thai patients with 46, XY disorders of sex development [J]. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab , 2017 , 30 ( 1 ): 19 - 26 .
Swerdloff RS , Dudley RE , Page ST , et al . Dihydrotestosterone: biochemistry, physiology, and clinical implications of elevated blood levels [J]. Endocr Rev , 2017 , 38 ( 3 ): 220 - 254 .
Thigpen AE , Silver RI , Guileyardo JM , et al . Tissue distribution and ontogeny of steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozyme expression [J]. J Clin Invest , 1993 , 92 ( 2 ): 903 - 910 .
Aumuller G , Eicheler W , Renneberg H , et al . Immunocytochemical evidence for differential subcellular localization of 5 alpha-reductase isoenzymes in human tissues [J]. Acta Anat (Basel) , 1996 , 156 ( 4 ): 241 - 252 .
Azzouni F , Godoy A , Li Y , et al . The 5 alpha-reductase isozyme family: a review of basic biology and their role in human diseases [J]. Adv Urol , 2012 , 2012 : 530121 .
Mendonca BB , Batista RL , Domenice S , et al . Steroid 5alpha-reductase 2 deficiency [J]. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , 2016 , 163 : 206 - 11 .
Cheon CK . Practical approach to steroid 5alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency [J]. Eur J Pediatr , 2011 , 170 ( 1 ): 1 - 8 .
Cheng J , Lin R , Zhang W , et al . Phenotype and molecular characteristics in 45 Chinese children with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency from South China [J]. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , 2015 , 83 ( 4 ): 518 - 526 .
Fan L , Song Y , Polak M , et al . Clinical characteristics and genotype-phenotype correlations of 130 Chinese children in a high-homogeneity single-center cohort with 5alpha-reductase 2 deficiency [J]. Mol Genet Genomic Med , 2020 , 8 ( 10 ): e1431 .
Liu Q , Yin X , Li P . Clinical, hormonal, and genetic characteristics of 5alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency in 103 chinese patients [J]. Endocr Pract , 2022 , 28 ( 9 ): 859 - 866 .
Walsh PC , Madden JD , Harrod MJ , et al . Familial incomplete male pseudohermaphroditism, type 2. decreased dihydrotestosterone formation in pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias [J]. N Engl J Med , 1974 , 291 ( 18 ): 944 - 949 .
Imperato-Mcginley J , Guerrero L , Gautier T , et al . Steroid 5alpha-reductase deficiency in man: an inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism [J]. Science , 1974 , 186 ( 4170 ): 1213 - 1215 .
中华医学会儿科学分会内分泌遗传代谢学组 . 中枢性性早熟诊断与治疗专家共识(2022) [J]. 中华儿科杂志 , 2023 , 61 ( 1 ): 16 - 22 .
The Subspecialty Group of Endocrinologic, Hereditary and Metabolic Diseases . Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of central precocious puberty(2022) [J]. Chin J Pediatr , 2023 , 61 ( 1 ): 16 - 22 .
马华梅 , 杜敏联 , 陈红珊 , 等 . 促性腺激素释放激素类似物简易激发试验对性早熟诊断的评价 [J]. 中华内分泌代谢杂志 , 2002 , 18 ( 4 ): 300 - 304 .
Ma HM , Du ML , Chen HS , et al . Evaluation of simplified gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue stimulation test for precocious puberty diagnosis [J]. Chin J Endocrinol Metab , 2002 , 18 ( 4 ): 300 - 304 .
Yi DY , Kim SC , Lee JH , et al . Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric obesity: recommendations from the Committee on Pediatric Obesity of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition [J]. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr , 22 ( 1 ): 1 - 27 .
李辉 , 季成叶 , 宗心南 , 等 . 中国0~18岁儿童、青少年体块指数的生长曲线 [J]. 中华儿科杂志 , 2009 , 47 ( 7 ): 493 - 498 .
Li H , Ji CY , Zong XN , et al . Body mass index growth curves for Chinese children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years [J]. Chin J Pediatr , 2009 , 47 ( 7 ): 493 - 498 .
Prader A . Incidence of congenital adrenogenital syndrome [J]. Helv Paediatr Acta , 1958 , 13 ( 5 ): 426 - 431 .
Auer MK , Nordenstrom A , Lajic S , et al . Congenital adrenal hyperplasia [J]. Lancet , 2023 , 401 ( 10372 ): 227 - 444 .
Ahmed SF , Khwaja O , Hughes IA . The role of a clinical score in the assessment of ambiguous genitalia [J]. BJU Int , 2000 , 85 ( 1 ): 120 - 124 .
中国医师协会儿科医师分会内分泌遗传代谢学组 . 先天性小阴茎临床管理中国专家共识 [J]. 中华儿科杂志 , 2023 , 61 ( 8 ): 679 - 684 .
Chinese Medical Doctor Association Pediatric Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism Professional Committee . Expert consensus for the management of congenital micropenis [J]. Chin J Pediatr , 2023 , 61 ( 8 ): 679 - 684 .
付超 , 李旭良 . 正常男性阴茎生长发育调查 [J]. 中华小儿外科杂志 , 2010 , 31 ( 6 ): 432 - 434 .
Fu C , Li XL . Normal penile growth amongst Chinese [J]. Chin J Pediatr Surg , 2010 , 31 ( 6 ): 432 - 434 .
Xu D , Lu L , Xi L , et al . Efficacy and safety of percutaneous administration of dihydrotestoster one in children of different genetic backgrounds with micropenis [J]. J pediatr endocrinol metab , 30 ( 12 ): 1285 - 1291 .
Charmandari E , Dattani MT , Perry LA , et al . Kinetics and effect of percutaneous administration of dihydrotestoster one in children [J]. Horm Res , 56 ( 5-6 ): 177 - 181 .
Brachet C , Heinrichs C . Central precocious puberty after interpersonal transfer of testosterone gel: just a coincidence? [J]. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab , 2012 , 25 ( 7-8 ): 757 - 760 .
Huynh T , Stewart CI . Virilisation in siblings secondary to transdermal 'bioidentical' testosterone exposure [J]. J Paediatr Child Health , 2017 , 53 ( 3 ): 301 - 305 .
Okada H , Kanasaki H , Tumurbaatar T , et al . Hyperandrogenism induces proportional changes in the expression of Kiss-1, Tac2, and DynA in hypothalamic KNDy neurons [J]. Reprod Biol Endocrinol , 2022 , 20 ( 1 ): 91 .
Osuka S , Iwase A , Nakahara T , et al . Kisspeptin in the hypothalamus of 2 rat models of polycystic ovary syndrome [J]. Endocrinology , 2017 , 158 ( 2 ): 367 - 377 .
Argente J , Dunkel L , Kaiser UB , et al . Molecular basis of normal and pathological puberty: from basic mechanisms to clinical implications [J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol , 2023 , 11 ( 3 ): 203 - 216 .
Sobrino V , Avendano MS , Perdices-Lopez C , et al . Kisspeptins and the neuroendocrine control of reproduction: recent progress and new frontiers in kisspeptin research [J]. Front Neuroendocrinol , 2022 , 65 : 100977 .
Clarkson J , Herbison AE . Postnatal development of kisspeptin neurons in mouse hypothalamus; sexual dimorphism and projections to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons [J]. Endocrinology , 2006 , 147 ( 12 ): 5817 - 5825 .
Bentsen AH , Ansel L , Simonneaux V , et al . Maturation of kisspeptinergic neurons coincides with puberty onset in male rats [J]. Peptides , 2010 , 31 ( 2 ): 275 - 283 .
Oehme NHB , Roelants M , Bruserud IS , et al . Low BMI, but not high BMI, influences the timing of puberty in boys [J]. Andrology , 2021 , 9 ( 3 ): 837 - 845 .
Pereira A , Busch AS , Solares F , et al . Total and central adiposity are associated with age at gonadarche and incidence of precocious gonadarche in boys [J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab , 2021 , 106 ( 5 ): 1352 - 1361 .
Xiao Q , Wang L , Supekar S , et al . Structure of human steroid 5α-reductase 2 with the anti-androgen drug finasteride [J]. Nat Commun , 2020 , 11 ( 1 ): 5430 .
Han Y , Zhuang Q , Sun B , et al . Crystal structure of steroid reductase SRD5A reveals conserved steroid reduction mechanism [J]. Nat Commun , 2021 , 12 ( 1 ): 449 .
Seo J , Shin S , Kim SW , et al . The genotype-phenotype correlation in human 5alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency: classified and analyzed from a SRD5A2 structural perspective [J]. Int J Mol Sci , 2023 , 24 ( 4 ): 3297 .
0
浏览量
125
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621
