1.中山大学附属第六医院麻醉科,广东 广州 510655
2.广州市黄埔区中六生物医学创新研究院,广东 广州 510005
3.苏州大学唐仲英血液学研究中心,江苏 苏州 215123
张楚逸,第一作者,研究方向:麻醉与肿瘤,E-mail: zhangchy273@mail.sysu.edu.cn
孟珊,共同第一作者,研究方向:麻醉与肿瘤,E-mail: mengsh25@mail2.sysu.edu.cn;
收稿:2026-01-23,
修回:2026-06-02,
录用:2026-06-16,
网络首发:2026-07-21,
纸质出版:2026-07-20
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张楚逸,孟珊,徐鑫等.右美托咪定通过抑制TLR-4/NF-κB通路改善压力应激小鼠的乳腺肿瘤治疗效果[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(04):601-612.
ZHANG Chuyi,MENG Shan,XU Xin,et al.Dexmedetomidine Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy Against Mammary Tumors in Stress-exposed Mice by Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(04):601-612.
张楚逸,孟珊,徐鑫等.右美托咪定通过抑制TLR-4/NF-κB通路改善压力应激小鼠的乳腺肿瘤治疗效果[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(04):601-612. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260018.
ZHANG Chuyi,MENG Shan,XU Xin,et al.Dexmedetomidine Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy Against Mammary Tumors in Stress-exposed Mice by Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(04):601-612. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260018.
目的
2
本研究旨在探讨右美托咪定(Dex)是否通过抑制TLR4/NF‑κB信号通路,改善慢性压力应激相关的小鼠乳腺肿瘤进展,并阐明其在调控焦虑‑抑郁样行为及应激激素水平的作用。
方法
2
建立EMT6原位乳腺荷瘤小鼠模型,并采用慢性温和应激(CMS)诱导抑郁样状态。将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、荷瘤组、慢性应激组、慢性应激荷瘤组、右美托咪定治疗组及溶剂对照组。通过旷场实验与悬尾实验评估小鼠行为学变化;采用高效液相色谱法检测外周血中去甲肾上腺素,肾上腺素及皮质醇水平;通过Western blot和实时荧光定量PCR (RT-qPCR)分别检测肿瘤组织中TLR4、磷酸化NF‑κB p65 (p‑NF‑κB p65)、磷酸化IκBα (p‑IκBα) 及炎症因子 (IL‑6、IL‑1β、TNF‑α) 的表达;体外实验采用皮质醇处理EMT6细胞模拟体内应激环境,并通过CCK‑8、Western blot及RT-qPCR技术验证右美托咪定对TLR4/NF‑κB信号通路的调控作用。
结果
2
荷瘤小鼠表现出显著的焦虑‑抑郁样行为(
P
<0.05),且外周血中去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素及皮质醇水平显著升高(
P
<0.05)。慢性压力应激处理进一步加剧上述行为异常,并促进肿瘤生长(
P
<0.05)。右美托咪定干预可显著改善应激荷瘤小鼠的焦虑-抑郁样行为(
P
<0.05)并降低外周血应激激素水平(
P
<0.05)。体外实验表明,皮质醇处理可激活EMT6细胞中TLR4/NF‑κB通路(
P
<0.001),并上调炎症因子表达(
P
<0.05),而右美托咪定可有效抑制该通路的活化(
P
<0.001)。在体内模型中,右美托咪定治疗下调肿瘤组织中TLR4、p‑NF‑κB p65、p‑IκBα及促炎因子的表达(
P
<0.001),并显著抑制肿瘤生长(
P
<0.05)。
结论
2
右美托咪定可通过抑制TLR4/NF-κB信号通路,减轻压力应激相关的炎症反应,改善焦虑‑抑郁样行为并降低应激激素水平,最终抑制乳腺肿瘤进展。本研究为理解焦虑-抑郁相关乳腺肿瘤进展提供了实验依据,并提示右美托咪定及TLR4/NF-κB通路可能成为潜在的干预靶点。
Objective
2
This study aimed to investigate whether dexmedetomidine (Dex) alleviates stress-induced mammary tumor progression in mice by inhibiting the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway, and to examine its effects on anxiety‑depression‑like behaviors and stress hormone levels.
Methods
2
An orthotopic EMT6 mammary tumor model was established in mice, and chronic mild stress (CMS) was applied to induce anxiety‑depression‑like states. The mice were divided into six groups: naive, tumor, CMS, CMS+tumor, CMS+tumor+Dex, and CMS+tumor+Vehicle groups. Behavioral changes were evaluated using the open field test and tail suspension test. Plasma stress hormone levels were measured by high‑performance liquid chromatography. Western blot and RT‑qPCR were performed to detect the expression of TLR4, p‑NF‑κB p65, p‑IκBα, and inflammatory cytokines (IL‑6, IL‑1β, TNF‑α) in tumor tissues.
In vitro
, EMT6 cells were treated with cortisol to mimic the stress-related microenvironment, and the effects of Dex on the TLR4/
NF‑κB pathway were assessed by CCK‑8, Western blot, and RT-qPCR.
Results
2
Tumor‑bearing mice exhibited significant anxiety‑depression‑like behaviors (
P
<0.05), along with markedly elevated plasma levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol (
P
<0.05). Chronic stress further aggravated these behavioral abnormalities and promoted tumor growth (
P
<0.05). Dexmedetomidine intervention significantly improved anxiety‑depression‑like behaviors (
P
<0.05) and lowered peripheral stress hormone levels (
P
<0.05) in stress‑exposed tumor‑bearing mice.
In vitro
experiments demonstrated that cortisol treatment activated the TLR4/NF‑κB pathway (
P
<0.001) and upregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines (
P
<0.05 in EMT6 cells, whereas dexmedetomidine effectively suppressed this activation (
P
<0.001). In the
in vivo
model, dexmedetomidine treatment downregulated the expression of TLR4, p‑NF‑κB p65, p‑IκBα, and pro‑inflammatory cytokines in tumor tissues (
P
<0.001) and significantly inhibited tumor growth (
P
<0.05).
Conclusion
2
Dexmedetomidine inhibits the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway, alleviates stress‑induced inflammatory responses, improves anxiety- and depression‑ like behaviors, reduces stress hormone levels, and suppresses mammary tumor progression. These findings provide an experimental basis for understanding anxiety- and depression- associated breast tumor progression and suggest that Dexmedetomidine and the TLR4/NF-κB pathway may serve as potential therapeutic targets.
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