中山大学附属第一医院妇科,广东 广州 510080
开日麦·阿不都艾尼,第一作者,研究方向:妇科肿瘤,E-mail:Karima_0511@163.com
收稿:2026-07-31,
修回:2026-08-24,
录用:2026-08-31,
纸质出版:2026-09-20
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开日麦·阿不都艾尼 ,刘军秀.卵巢癌双重微环境免疫逃逸机制与靶向策略[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):767-779.
ABDUGHENI·Karima Junxiu,LIU Junxiu.Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in the Dual Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):767-779.
开日麦·阿不都艾尼 ,刘军秀.卵巢癌双重微环境免疫逃逸机制与靶向策略[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(05):767-779. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260120.
ABDUGHENI·Karima Junxiu,LIU Junxiu.Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in the Dual Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(05):767-779. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260120.
上皮性卵巢癌(EOC),尤其高级别浆液性卵巢癌(HGSOC),常以腹腔播散、腹膜种植和恶性腹水为特征。免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)单药治疗EOC的客观缓解率约为8%~15%。其根本原因之一在于EOC独特的腹腔播散方式使肿瘤同时处于由实体病灶/腹膜种植灶构成的“固态”微环境与恶性腹水构成的“液态”微环境之中,二者通过细胞迁移、外泌体传递、细胞因子扩散和脂质代谢交换持续互塑,共同呈现典型的“冷肿瘤”表型。本文以“固-液”双重微环境为主线,在细胞层面剖析肿瘤相关巨噬细胞M2型极化、调节性T细胞富集、髓源性抑制细胞扩增以及树突状细胞/自然杀伤细胞和CD8+T细胞功能障碍所构筑的免疫抑制网络;在分子层面阐明IL-4/IL-6/TGF-β/VEGF细胞因子轴失衡、脂质代谢重编程、乳酸堆积与抗原呈递缺陷在驱动T细胞耗竭和铂类耐药中的核心作用。在治疗层面,本文结合KEYNOTE-B96、DUO-O、FIRST/ENGOT-OV44、ATHENA-COMBO、MIRASOL、OVHIPEC-1及PIPAC等最新循证证据,从系统性免疫调控与局部微环境干预两个维度归纳免疫联合、抗血管生成、叶酸受体α抗体偶联药物、腹腔热灌注化疗和腹腔局部递送策略的证据。双重微环境可为解释EOC免疫治疗低应答、设计合理联合方案提供整合框架,但临床转化仍需基于组织学、BRCA/同源重组缺陷状态、PD-L1及叶酸受体α表达和空间免疫表型进行精准分层。
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), particularly high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), commonly presents with intraperitoneal dissemination, peritoneal implants, and malignant ascites. The objective response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy is approximately 8%-15%. A key underlying reason is that the distinctive intraperitoneal spread of EOC places tumor cells simultaneously within both a “solid” microenvironment (formed by solid lesions/peritoneal implants) and a “liquid” microenvironment (represented by malignant ascites); these two compartments continuously interact through cellular trafficking, exosome-mediated transfer, cytokine diffusion, and lipid metabolic exchange, collectively shaping the typical “cold tumor” phenotype. Centered on this solid-liquid dual microenvironment, this review dissects, at the cellular level, the immunosuppressive network established by M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages, enriched regulatory T cells, expanded myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and dysfunctional dendritic/NK and CD8+ T cells; and elucidates, at the molecular level, the central roles of IL-4/IL-6/TGF-β/VEGF cytokine axis imbalance, lipid metabolic reprogramming, lactate accumulation, and impaired antigen presentation in driving T-cell exhaustion and platinum resistance. On the therapeutic front, integrating the latest evidence from KEYNOTE-B96, DUO-O, FIRST/ENGOT-OV44, ATHENA-COMBO, MIRASOL, OVHIPEC-1 and PIPAC studies, this review summarizes the evidence supporting immune-combination regimens, anti-angiogenic agents, folate receptor alpha antibody-drug conjugates, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and local intraperitoneal delivery from the dual perspectives of systemic immune modulation and local microenvironment intervention. The dual-microenvironment framework may help explain the poor response to immunotherapy and inform rational combination strategies in EOC; however, clinical translation should be based on precise stratification according to histology, BRCA/homologous recombination deficiency status, PD-L1 and folate receptor alpha expression, and spatial immune phenotypes.
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