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南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院,广东省肺癌转化医学重点实验室,医学研究中心, 广东 广州 510080
ZHANG Xuchao, E-mail:zhxuchao3000@126.com
YANG Xuening, E-mail:yangxncn@qq.com
Received:01 December 2025,
Revised:2026-02-14,
Accepted:23 February 2026,
Published:20 March 2026
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谢至,吕志异,卢丹霞等.NSCLC转移淋巴结PD-L1表达分析及对一线TKI或化疗结局的影响[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(02):269-282.
XIE Zhi,LÜ Zhiyi,LU Danxia,et al.PD-L1 Expression in Metastatic Lymph Nodes of NSCLC and Its Impact on First-line TKI or Chemotherapy Outcomes[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(02):269-282.
谢至,吕志异,卢丹霞等.NSCLC转移淋巴结PD-L1表达分析及对一线TKI或化疗结局的影响[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(02):269-282. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250181.
XIE Zhi,LÜ Zhiyi,LU Danxia,et al.PD-L1 Expression in Metastatic Lymph Nodes of NSCLC and Its Impact on First-line TKI or Chemotherapy Outcomes[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(02):269-282. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250181.
目的
2
探讨晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)原发灶与配对转移淋巴结中PD-L1的表达特征,并明确其表达水平对一线靶向治疗和化疗疗效的预测价值。
方法
2
回顾性纳入2017年4月至2020年2月期间在广东省人民医院确诊为NSCLC、获得淋巴结转移灶、接受一线酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)或铂类双药化疗的128例患者。通过免疫组织化学技术(IHC)检测原发灶及转移淋巴结中PD-L1的表达,采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较原发灶与转移淋巴结的PD-L1表达特征。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,并使用Log-rank检验比较组间差异。
结果
2
在28对配对样本中,NSCLC原发灶与转移淋巴结组织中的PD-L1表达水平(中位数:淋巴结32.5
vs.
原发灶10.0),组间差异无统计学意义(
MD
=5.000,
P
=0.083)。生存分析显示,在驱动基因阳性患者中,淋巴结PD-L1高表达(TPS≥50%)与接受一线TKI治疗后较短的无进展生存期(PFS)显著相关(中位PFS:TPS≥50%:4.0
vs.
1%≤TPS<50%:8.9
vs.
TPS<1%:18.0个月,
χ
2
=15.284,
P
<0.001)。相反,在驱动基因阴性患者中,淋巴结PD-L1高表达的患者一线化疗后PFS更长(中位PFS:TPS≥50%:7.9
vs.
1%≤TPS<50%:3.0个月,
χ
2
=8.436,
P
=0.004),且总体生存期(overall survival, OS)也延长(中位OS:TPS≥50%:28.8
vs.
1%≤TPS<50%:14.2个月,
χ
2
=4.010,
P
=0.045)。
结论
2
晚期NSCLC患者转移淋巴结组织与肺原发病灶中PD-L1的表达具有一致性。淋巴结病灶PD-L1高表达与驱动基因阴性患者接受化疗后的更好生存预后及驱动基因阳性患者接受TKI治疗的不良预后相关。结果支持将转移淋巴结病灶PD-L1表达水平应用于晚期NSCLC个体化精准医学实践。
Objective
2
To investigate the heterogeneity of PD-L1 expression profiles between primary tumors and paired metastatic lymph nodes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to determine the predictive value of key immune marker expression for the efficacy of first-line targeted therapy and chemotherapy.
Methods
2
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 128 patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC and corresponding metastatic lymph nodes, who received first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or platinum-based doublet chemotherapy at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between April 2017 and February 2020. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was employed to evaluate PD-L1 expression in primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to compare PD-L1 expression characteristics between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed, and the Log-rank test was used to compare differences between groups.
Results
2
Among 28 paired cases, PD-L1 expression levels were numerically higher in metastatic lymph nodes than in primary NSCLC tumors (median:32.5
vs
. 10.0), although the difference did not reach statistical significance (
MD
= 5.000,
P
= 0.083). Survival analysis revealed that in patients with driver gene-positive NSCLC, high PD-L1 expression (TPS ≥ 50%) in lymph nodes was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) following first-line TKI therapy [median PFS:4.0(TPS≥50%)
vs
. 8.9(1%≤TPS<50%)
vs
. 18.0 (TPS<1%) months,
χ
2
=15.284,
P
<0.001]. Conversely, in patients with driver gene-negative NSCLC, high PD-L1 expression in lymph nodes was associated with longer PFS [median PFS:7.9 (TPS≥50%)
vs
. 3.0 (1%≤TPS<50%)months,
χ
2
=8.436,
P
=0.004] and overall survival (OS) [median OS:28.8 (TPS≥50%)
vs
. 14.2 ( 1%≤TPS<50%) months,
χ
2
=4.010,
P
=0.045] after first-line chemotherapy.
Conclusion
2
PD-L1 expression in metastatic lymph nodes is largely consistent with that in primary tumors of patients with advanced NSCLC. High PD-L1 expression in lymph nodes is associated with improved survival outcomes in driver gene-negative patients undergoing chemotherapy, whereas it portends a poor prognosis with TKI treatment in driver gene-positive patients. These findings support the application of PD-L1 expression levels in metastatic lymph nodes to guide personalized precision medicine strategies for advanced NSCLC.
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