1.中山大学附属第一医院儿科,广东 广州 510080
2.中山大学附属第一医院医学检验科,广东 广州 510080
冯嘉丽,第一作者,研究方向:新生儿疾病,E-mail:fengjli8@mail.sysu.edu.cn
余慕雪,通信作者,主任医师,E-mail:yumuxue@mail.sysu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-12-22,
修回:2026-03-09,
录用:2026-03-10,
纸质出版:2026-03-20
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冯嘉丽,陈培松,余慕雪.合并选择性宫内生长受限的单绒毛膜双羊膜囊早产双胎的早期营养与生长及DNA甲基化比较[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(02):328-335.
FENG Jiali,CHEN Peisong,YU Muxue.Early Nutrition, Growth Parameters and DNA Methylation Differences of Preterm Monochorionic Diamniotic Twins Combined with Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(02):328-335.
冯嘉丽,陈培松,余慕雪.合并选择性宫内生长受限的单绒毛膜双羊膜囊早产双胎的早期营养与生长及DNA甲基化比较[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2026,47(02):328-335. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250194.
FENG Jiali,CHEN Peisong,YU Muxue.Early Nutrition, Growth Parameters and DNA Methylation Differences of Preterm Monochorionic Diamniotic Twins Combined with Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2026,47(02):328-335. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250194.
目的
2
分析合并选择性宫内生长受限(sIUGR)的单绒毛膜双羊膜囊(MCDA)早产双胎的早期营养和生长情况,探索DNA甲基化调控宫外生长的可能机制。
方法
2
纳入2019年3月至2022年2月在中山大学附属第一医院新生儿科住院治疗的MCDA合并sIUGR早产双胎共48例,按出生体质量大小分为出生体质量较大组24例及出生体质量较小组24例。采用
t
检验、ANOVA、
χ
2
检验/Fisher确切概率法分析比较两组出生后第1周的每日营养摄入量、住院期间新生儿并发症发生率、出生至校正24月龄体格生长情况,使用甲基化芯片分析比较两组DNA甲基化差异并通过焦磷酸测序方法验证差异位点。
结果
2
两组出生后第1周每日碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪及能量的摄入量差异无统计学意义(
P
值均>0.05)。两组出生窒息、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管肺发育不良、早产儿视网膜病、坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率差异均无统计学意义(
P
值均>0.05)。出生至校正24月龄出生体质量较大组体质量、身长、头围
Z
评分均高于出生体质量较小组(
P
值均为0.000)。双胎体质量Z评分差值及身长
Z
评分差值在校正胎龄40周、校正6月龄、校正12月龄与
出生时相比差异无统计学意义(
P
值均>0.05);校正18月龄及24月龄低于出生时(
P
18月龄体质量
= 0.009,
P
18月龄身长
= 0.032,
P
24月龄体质量
= 0.026,
P
24月龄身长
= 0.004)。双胎头围Z评分差值在校正胎龄40周时与出生时相比差异无统计学意义(
P
值>0.05);校正6月龄、校正12月龄、校正18月龄以及校正24月龄时均低于出生时(
P
6月龄
= 0.001,其余
P
值均为0.000)。校正胎龄40周、校正6月龄、校正12月龄、校正18月龄以及校正24月龄的双胎体质量、身长、头围差异程度均较出生时减小(
P
40周体质量
= 0.001,
P
40周身长
= 0.007,
P
40周头围
= 0.001,其余
P
值均为0.000)。两组存在18个显著DNA甲基化差异性的位点。出生体质量较小组在
NFATC1
基因体上的一个位点甲基化程度高于出生体质量较大组(
P
= 0.043)。
结论
2
MCDA合并sIUGR的早产双胎早期营养及新生儿期并发症发生率无差别,至校正24月龄出生体质量较小者较出生体质量较大者生长快,可能与出生体质量较小者在
NFATC1
基因上甲基化上调有关。
Objective
2
To investigate early nutrition and growth of preterm monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA) twins combined with selective intrauterine growth restriction(sIUGR) and explore the potential role of DNA methylation in regulating extrauterine growth.
Methods
2
Twenty-four pairs of preterm MCDA twins combined with sIUGR hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from March 2019 to February 2022 were enrolled, divided into larger twins group(
n
=24) and smaller twins group (
n
=24) according to birth weight. The comparison of daily nutritional intakes, the incidence of neonatal complications and physical growth from birth to 24 months of corrected age between two groups was performed using
t
-test, analysis of ANOVA, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Differential DNA methylation analysis was performed using the methylation microarrays and differentially methylated site was validated using pyrosequencing method.
Results
2
There were no significant differences in the daily intake of carbohydrate, protein, fat and energy between two groups (all
P
>0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of asphyxia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity and necrotizing enterocolitis between two groups (all
P
>0.05).
Z
-scores for weight, length and head circumference were significantly lower in the smaller twins group compared with the larger twins group from birth to 24 months of corrected age(all
P
=0.000). Difference in
Z
-scores for weight and length at term, 6 months, 12 months of corrected age did not differ significantly from that at birth(all
P
>0.05) while difference in
Z
-scores for weight and length between the twins at 18 months and 24 months of corrected age were significantly lower than that at birth (
P
= 0.009,
P
= 0.032,
P
= 0.026,
P
= 0.004). Difference in
Z
-scores for head circumference at 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months of corrected age were significantly lower than at birth (
P
= 0.001, others
P
= 0.000) except at term(
P
>0.05). The differences in weight, length and head circumference between the twins at term, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months and 24 months of corrected age significantly reduced (
P
= 0.001,
P
= 0.007,
P
= 0.001, others
P
= 0.000). Eighteen differentially methylated sites were identified and the methylation level of
NFATC1
gene in the smaller twins group was significantly higher than that in the larger twins group(
P
= 0.043).
Conclusion
2
MCDA twins combined with sIUGR shares similar ea
rly nutrition and neonatal complications, while smaller twins at 24 months of corrected age grow faster than larger twins, which might be related to a higher methylation level of
NFATC1
gene in smaller twins.
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